Track Categories
The track category is the heading under which your abstract will be reviewed and later published in the conference printed matters if accepted. During the submission process, you will be asked to select one track category for your abstract.
The whole branch of Nephrology revolves around the various diagnosis and the medical procedures for the treatment of kidney related diseases. Various factors such as diabetes and several autoimmune disease affects the proper functioning of kidneys. Onconephrology is a branch that is mainly focussed on the cancer related kidney diseases.
The overall prevalence and the distribution of a particular disease condition over a period of time can be tracked to infer the presence and the pandemic state of the disease. Clinical research about various kidney related disease can help to understand more and acquire new insights about the disease. This will help the science community to take forward the clinical works done previously.
The diseases which can be genetically inherited from a parent to an offspring is expressed through ‘n’ number of generations. Such cases are the effect of genetic mutation and inheritance of those specific genes across the generations. The chances of having a kidney disease is higher in individuals with a history of diabetes, which might have been inherited from their parents. Early diagnosis on the defective genes can be useful in treating the disease at an early stage of development.
There has been a major concern in the area of development biology on the effects of aging on kidneys , majority of the population seem to encounter this age related changes in kidneys functions. About two thirds of the People between the age 30-40 have significant decline in the weights of their kidneys ,also the rate at which the kidneys filter blood also decreases. The regeneration of renal tissues decreases as a result of aging ,these micro-anatomical structural changes in the glomeruli and other related cellular structures indicates the increased prevalence of nephrosclerosis.
Acute kidney injury (or) failure is the sudden shut down of the function of kidney in which the kidney will no longer be able to filter the waste excretory products from the blood. The kidney may lose its total function in less than a few days. When a person suffers from AKI the waste accumulated in body reaches to an alarming level ,this causes chemical imbalance in the blood which results in severe health issues.
As the name suggests , the chronic kidney disease , unlike the acute kidney is the gradual loss of the kidney function over a certain period of time. In the early stages of the chronic kidney disease the symptoms may not be very significant and apparent. The treatment is carried out in such a way that the progression of the kidney damage is made to happen at slower rate. But this chronic stage of the disease may easily progress to end stage renal failure in many cases. The individuals might have to undergo either kidney transplantation or dialysis inorder to survive.
Diabetic kidney disease or Diabetic nephropathy is a disease condition in almost 25% of the total people with diabetes. Diabetic nephropathy is seen in both the type 1 and type 2 diabetes in general . Over the course of few years the condition worsens and damages the kidneys’ filtering units slowly. Early diagnosis may help in the treatment of the disease to slow down the progress of the disease without any complication . However, in late diagnosis the treatment options for the condition is very slim.
Diabetic kidney disease or Diabetic nephropathy is a disease condition in almost 25% of the total people with diabetes. Diabetic nephropathy is seen in both the type 1 and type 2 diabetes in general . Over the course of few years the condition worsens and damages the kidneys’ filtering units slowly. Early diagnosis may help in the treatment of the disease to slow down the progress of the disease without any complication. However, in late diagnosis the treatment options for the condition is very slim.
Polycystic kidney disease is characterized by the formation of a cluster of cysts, these cysts are initially formed inside the kidney. Over the course of time , the kidneys enlarge and eventually lose their function. The larger the size of the cysts ,the greater is the degree of risk. The cysts can also develop in any part of the body. Advanced stages of PKD results in kidney failure and high BP.
When the chronic kidney disease reaches a fairly advanced stage its results in end-stage kidney disease or end-stage renal disease. At this stage the kidneys will no longer be able to function normally to meet the daily needs. The function drops below to a staggering 10 percent from its normal ability. Either kidney transplant or dialysis may help in prolonging the life of an individual.
The early onset of kidney disorder in children can be due to the various factors such as birth defects, nephrotic syndrome, trauma, blockages in urinary system. Hereditary diseases are also a key factor which leads to kidney failure in infants. Systemic diseases & nephrotic syndrome causes kidney failure in children between 5-14 years of age.
Chronic kidney disease affects almost 10 percent of the total world population, causing the mortality of more than a million each year due to the lack of proper medical assistance. Kidney diseases ranked 27th in the year 1990 was ranked 18th in the year 2010 for the cause of the increase in deaths. The number of individuals to receive dialysis or a kidney transplant to stay alive reached over 2 million. On a financial note , individuals from developing countries have to bare a huge financial burden to provide themselves with a proper treatment for the disease.
A kidney transplant is done surgically to replace a non-functioning kidney with a healthy kidney from a living person or a deceased donor. The transplant can be done as a result of the end stage kidney disease. Instead of a lifetime on dialysis , a transplant surgery is very effective choice for the treatment. A transplant can make the quality of life better. The risks of having a transplant include allergy to anesthesia, infections in the operated region, rejection reaction, an attack, or sometimes even a stroke.
Childbirth with the period of 37 gestational weeks can cause interruption and delay in the development of the kidneys. Fetal nephrogenesis is most active in the third trimester of pregnancy, in that stage formation of nephron exceeds over 6o percent. Any interruption at this stage of development can cause lower nephron endowment which can stay as a lifelong threat. Hypertension and progressive kidney disease are associated with the low nephron number. These factors have been associated with the subsequent risk of developing CKD.
Hemodialysis is the alternative method for filtering the blood in cases where the function of the kidney is not proper. In kidney failure cases this procedure helps the individual by removing the excretory waste & toxic products from the blood. They not only serve as life support in case of chronic illness but also as a cure in case of severe injuries or diseases. Various techniques include intermittent hemodialysis, continuous hemofiltation & hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis.
Scientific studies and various research programs are being conducted throughout the globe. Rejuvenation of renal cells are the new advanced treatment process that have the potency to reverse chronic kidney disease. By sharing the profound knowledge on renal diseases , we can bring about change in the ways of treatment of kidney disease. Stem cell therapies can been focussed to re-stabilize and improve the renal function in individuals with potential chronic illness.
The most common type of cancer occurring in most of the adults is the renal cell carcinoma. The cancer starts developing at a very young age which is why children are more likely to develop wilms’ tumor which is a type of kidney cancer. The rate at which the incidence of kidney cancer seems to be rising. The potential factor must be the innovation in the medical imaging technology such as computerized tomography(CT) to deliver reliable information.
Due to the increase in morbidity and mortality caused of the various kidney diseases, there is a need for novel biomarkers in the diagnosis of the disease. Several new biomarkers have been used as a result of advancements in molecular biology. The facilitation of early diagnosis ,the need to guide interventions and monitoring of disease progression shall play a vital role in the disease treatment. Development of specific, sensitive and reliable biomarkers can be very useful for effective therapies.